Video Tutorial Electron Orbitals
Quick Notes Acylation of Benzene
- Acylation of benzene involves the substitution of an acyl group onto a benzene ring:
- Acyl chlorides are reacted with a halogen carrier (AlCl3) to form an acyl ion, which acts as a strong electrophile and reacts with the benzene ring in an electrophilic substitution reaction.
- The reaction requires warm conditions and HCl is formed as a product.
Full Notes Acylation of Benzene
Acylation of benzene refers to the substitution of an acyl group (RCO-) onto a benzene ring.
In order to be substituted onto the ring, the acyl group must be an electrophile. Acyl chlorides provide an easy way to form an acyl group with a positive charge on the carbon atom. As with the alkylation of arenes (see Alkylation Reactions), a halogen carrier is used to break the bond between the carbon atom and the chlorine atom in an acyl chloride.
The electrophile formed can then react with benzene in a standard electrophilic substitution reaction. See Benzene Reactions.
HCl is formed at the end of the reaction. The tetra ion formed from the halogen carrier reacts with the hydrogen ion (H+) released during the reaction, forming HCl and the original halogen carrier again.
